Arte del idioma zapoteco del Valle

Anonyme

Domaine	Traditions non-occidentales
Secteur	Grammaires amérindiennes [4671]
Auteur(s)	Anonyme
	Datation: fl. 18e s.
Titre de l'ouvrage	Reglas más communes del arte del idioma zapoteco del Valle
Titre traduit	The most common rules of the grammar of the Zapotec language of the Valley
Titre court	Arte del idioma zapoteco del Valle
Remarques sur le titre	Complete title: Reglas más communes del arte del idioma zapoteco del Valle con una lista de los nombres mas usuales el confesionario y las oraciones principales de la doctrina Cristiana en la misma lengua San Martin de Tilcaxete. The “Reglas” are a part of the work “Quaderno de Ydioma Zapoteco del Valle, que contiene algunas reglas las mas communes del Arte, un Vocabulario algo copioso, un confessonario, y otras cosas que veera el Christiano Lector. Se ha escrito procurando todo lo possible imitar la pronunciacion natural de los Yndios: sacado lo mas de los Autores Antiguos que escrivieron de este Ydioma. Sea todo â mayor honra, y Gloria de Dios N[ues]tro S[eñ][or de los Ministros, y utilidad de las Almas. San Martin Tilcaxete, Junio 22 1793”.
Période	\|18e s.\|
Type de l'ouvrage	A treatise on Zapotec pronunciation and grammar, particularly of verbs (f. 1r-12v), vocabulary (f. 13r-266v), word lists ("Siguese una lista de los nombres mas usuales los que aunque de hallan en el cuerpo de este vocabulario, como estan dispersos segun la letra a que corresponden se ponen aqui por separado para hallarlos con mas facilidad" f. 267r-271v) “Confesionario” (f. 273r-285r), “numerals (f.272r-v) and other religious texts, such as "Protestación de la fe para dar de viático" (f. 285r-286v); "Interrrogatorio para presentación de casamiento" (f. 287r-288v).
Type indexé	Dictionnaire \| Grammaire descriptive \| Grammaire didactique \| Grammaire élémentaire \| Texte religieux
Édition originale	1793, San Martin de Tilcaxete.
Édition utilisée	John Carter Brown Library, Codex Ind 22.
Volumétrie	[1], 288 leaves; 21 cm. (in-4°). According to the catalogue of John Carter Brown Library: Title page written in Spanish; text of vocabulario has Spanish words translated into Zapotec language in two parallel columns; rest of sections are written in two parallel columns with Spanish on left and Zapotec on the right.
Nombre de signes	24000
Reproduction moderne	No recent editions.
Diffusion	Carl Hermann Berendt copied the “Reglas”. His Ms is housed in the Philadelphia Pennsylvania University Library Ms. Coll. 700, Item 105. NumID 23378.
Langues cibles	Zapotec (Zapotecan, Otomanguean). The glottonym Zapotec is a Nahuatl exonym, derived from tzapotl (‘zapote’) + -tlan (place) (place where there are abundant fruits). The variety described in this text is the variety called today “Valley Zapotec”. The place name mentioned in the work is San Martín de Tilcaxete
Métalangue	Castilian
Langue des exemples	Zapotec
Sommaire de l'ouvrage	Often there are no titles for paragraphs or chapters. No numbered sections. The works opens with a section on pronunciation (f. 1), where the anonymous author emphasises that there are a great number of regional varieties, which makes it difficult to give general rules. The language varies not only from valley to valley, but also from “curato a curato” and from one village to another “pueblo a pueblo”. As earlier authors, he points at the use of “syncopated” forms. The eight parts of speech. Nombres sustantivos, adjetivos (1v-2r); pronombres primitivos, pronombres que se hallan en composición (2r); relativos (2v), comparativos, superlativos (3r); verbo (more or less the same order of tenses as in Córdoba), verbales (5r); de los verbos irregulares de la primera conjugación (6r-7r); de los verbos pasivos (7r-8r); segunda conjugación (8r-9r); de la tercera conjugación (9r-11v); de la cuarta conjugación (11v-12r). There are no further sections devoted to the remaining parts of speech. For the prepositions, the anonymous author refers to the “vocabulario” (12r). He observes that the “adverbs” are derived from verbs (the passive) (12r-v). The main part of the Ms is the “Vocabulario”. It does not seem to be studied in detail, in comparison with earlier dictionaries, such as Córdova’s Vocabulario.
Objectif de l'auteur	The work does not have a prologue containing explicit didactic principles. The author had the aim of writing a short compendium.
Intérêt général	The work is not very original. Its interest is probably pedagogical, being an eclectic description based on various authors.
Parties du discours	As others, the author observes that in Zapotec there are eight parts of speech, but he does not sum them up by name.
Innovations term.	No specific terms introduced.
Corpus illustratif	Zapotec religious texts are used as illustrative corpus.
Indications compl.
Influence subie	The Arte of Córdova was directly or indirectly the most important source. It is obvious that the author used more sources, since in the subtitle we read that it is based on the ancient authors (“sacado lo más de los autores antiguos que escrivieron de este idioma”).
Influence exercée	There exists a copy made by Carl Hermann Berendt, with the title “Reglas más comunes del arte del idioma zapoteca del Valle con una lista de los nombres más usuales, el confesionario y las oraciones principales de la doctrina cristiana en la misma lengua San Martín de Tilcaxate, 1793. Copiado en México, 1871. Philadelphia Pennsylvania UL, Ms. Colkl. 700, Item 105. NumID 23378. (Esparza Torres & Niederehe 2015, p. 143, n° 1100).
Renvois bibliographiques	Anonyme 1793; Córdova J. de 1578; Esparza Torres M. Á. & Niederehe H.-J. 2015; Peñafiel A. (éd.) 1887
Rédacteur	Zwartjes, Otto
Création ou mise à jour	2018-09